The gravitational theory
by Lucas Berney

Expansion of one body

Gravitation is everywhere around us. We know that any body falls down to the ground. This body actually does not fall to the ground by a free fall but the earth enlarges its own volume and therefore the surface of the earth will touch the body in certain time. Not only the earth enhances its volume. All objects enlarge the volume with nonzero mass, e. g. space, stars, trees, people, electrons etc.


Why do the volumes of bodies enlarge? The mass is defined by the action of inertial and gravitational forces. Gravitational mass is the mass of any object measured using the effect of a gravitational field on an object. Inertial mass is the mass of an object measured by its resistance to acceleration. Inertial and gravitational mass are the same phenomenons. We know every particle has a mass and from Einstein´s formula (1.1) we know as the mass relates to the energy.

(1. 1) E = m c2

,where E is energy of a body, m is mass of a body and c is speed of light

The objects increase their volumes due to the energy. Energetic diffusion is an energy transfer from a region of higher energy density to one of lower energy density. This is the reason of gravity. The earth has higher density than surrounding space. If any body has mass m>0, then the body is expanded in dependence on time and on its size. New length of the body is longer as original length of this body. Such expansion we can compare to an expansion of body by thermal expansion. Thermal expansion is caused by a motion of constituent particles and it causes a change of body size in depending on the change of temperature . However energy expansion is not caused by the change of temperature but by the energy transfer. The more is mass of the body, the more the body enlarges its own volume and the density of the body decreases. We can acquire formula for a prolongation from formula for the intensity of the gravitional field.


But why does not the man see the increase in volume of the earth or others object in comparison with human body? The man can not see the difference between him/her and for example the earth because man himself/herself expands also. So it is relative, if the man did not enlarge his/her volume then he/she could see to expand the earth and others objects. Moreover the length of the body changes at expansion, but the mass of the body as well.



Expansion of two bodies

Imagine two stationary bodies (for better example spherical bodies A,B) in space without action of gravitational forces (shown in figure 3).



These two bodies must expand because they have mass higher than 0 and so they enlarge their own volume. They will touch one another, in dependence on masses, time and on sizes.

It follows, that any two bodies will touch also without existence of a gravitational field.
In described case it is actually free fall. Gravitational field does not exist, just as does not exist a graviton, gravitational wave and so on. Inertial mass exists only, gravitational mass does not exist. Drop of water does not in fact fall down at the rain on the surface of the earth, but the earth and the drop expand, enlarge their volumes and it seems for us as if the drop was falling. This happens with all objects which fall down to the ground.

The observer on the earth can see as the moon moves around the earth in an elliptical path. But the moon does not move really in an elliptical path, but the moon moves around the earth in a helical path (shown in fig.5). It is caused by a centrifugal force and because gravitational field does not exist planet moves in the helical path. As it was in above mentioned the earth and the moon also enlarge their volumes. Increment size of expanding earth and moon is equal to distance of moon from the earth. That is why the observer can not see that the path of moon (or other object in an orbit) around the earth is helical. It is similar with a motion of the earth or other planets around the sun.


Hereinbefore we said that the volumes of the bodies change – enlarge. Not only the volume of the body change, the mass of body changes as well. The mass decreases still more and more. For example when we have a body with mass m1 then in certain time the same body will have a mass m2. Then we can make out that the mass m1 was higher than mass m2 (m1 > m2). It happens in BIPM in Sèvres (France) where they measured out decrease of mass of International Prototype Kilogram. This change was caused by energy diffusion what is about this article. The change is most perceptible at materials like lead, gold, platinum etc. because they have high density and size, mass, time have an influence on it. This change is very small so it is better to observe it during long time even many years as it was in Sèvres. Beside these changes of volume and mass, the time changes as well. It is actually general relativity theory. When we see a moving object we see the object smaller and heavier then if the object does not move (according to special relativity theory or general relativity theory). We are just see the moving object in the past when the object had smaller volume and higher mass and time is delayed. This is the reason of special relativity theory.



If two bodies are sufficiently remote, or the space has between them sufficiently high density, than these two bodies draw apart. This happens in space with galaxies at the expansion of the space. With help of this theory is possible explicate not only gravitation and expansion of the space but also for example bending of light, tide and lot more physical effects.